Simple Interest Calculator: Loans & Bonds

Use this simple interest calculator to compute interest the easy way: a fixed dollar amount each period, calculated on the original principal only — no compounding.

$
%
yrs
Interest earned$0.00
Final balance$0.00
Monthly interest$0.00
Total return0.00%
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How this calculator works

Simple interest is calculated only on the original principal, not on accumulated interest. The formula has been the same for centuries because the math is genuinely that clean:

The simple interest formula

I = P × r × t
I
Interest earned over the full term
P
Principal — the original amount borrowed or invested
r
Annual interest rate as a decimal (5% → 0.05)
t
Time in years (use fractions for partial years: 6 months = 0.5)

The final balance is simply P + I. Monthly interest is P × r ÷ 12 and stays constant every month — unlike compound interest, which grows each period as it earns on itself.

Simple vs compound interest

On a $5,000 deposit at 5% for 3 years, simple interest earns $750. Compound interest (monthly compounding) earns $808 — 8% more. The gap widens dramatically over longer periods, which is why compound interest matters so much for retirement savings and why simple interest is generally better for borrowers paying off a loan early.

Where simple interest shows up

Most US auto loans use daily simple interest on the outstanding balance. Short-term personal loans, US Treasury bills, and some bonds also use simple interest. Almost all savings accounts and CDs use compound interest instead.

Source: US lending and savings disclosure rules require lenders to publish the simple interest rate (APR) under the Truth-in-Lending Act, 12 CFR § 1026, and banks to publish the compounded yield (APY) under the Truth-in-Savings Act, 12 CFR § 1030.

FAQ

How do you calculate simple interest?
Use I = P × r × t. Multiply the principal (P) by the annual rate as a decimal (r) by the time in years (t). For $5,000 at 5% for 3 years: I = 5,000 × 0.05 × 3 = $750. The final balance is P + I = $5,750. For partial years, use fractions: 6 months → t = 0.5.
What is the difference between simple and compound interest?
Simple interest is calculated only on the original principal — so you earn (or owe) the same dollar amount each period. Compound interest is calculated on the principal plus accumulated interest, so it grows exponentially. For savings, compound is better for you. For loans, simple interest is cheaper for you as the borrower — extra payments directly reduce principal.
How do I find the principal in a simple interest problem?
Rearrange the formula: P = I ÷ (r × t). If the interest is $750 over 3 years at 5%, then P = 750 ÷ (0.05 × 3) = $5,000. The same trick works for rate (r = I ÷ (P × t)) or time (t = I ÷ (P × r)).
How do you calculate simple interest by days?
Convert days to years: t = days ÷ 365 (or 360 for some commercial loans). For $10,000 at 6% for 90 days: I = 10,000 × 0.06 × (90/365) = $147.95. Banks typically use 365 days; some commercial lenders use 360. Check the contract.
Do car loans use simple interest?
Most US auto loans use daily simple interest calculated on the outstanding balance each day. This means paying early reduces principal faster and saves interest; paying late costs more. It is slightly different from the textbook I = P × r × t formula, but the same principle applies.
Does any savings account use simple interest?
Almost no savings accounts use pure simple interest — banks use compound interest and quote APY. Simple interest appears in short-term loans, some personal loans, and certain treasury securities. For savings, always compare APY, not nominal rate.
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